Apparently pharmacists (through contracts) adhere to a gag order in which they are not permitted to disclose to a patient that a prescription might be cheaper to purchase without using insurance. This is in place to pay benefits managers (clawbacks) who negotiate co-pay amounts. But the pharmacist can divulge this information if you ask.
Here's an example of how it works according to Bloomberg.com:
Insurance co-pay $15.00
Pharmacist receives $5.17 plus $2.05 for the cost of the drug
Pharmacy Benefits Manager receives $7.78
Without having to pay the benefits manager (included in the co-pay), the drug would be cheaper.
There are also available prescription drug cards that profess to offer prescriptions at a discount rate. These may not always be cheaper either.
Next time you go to have a prescription filled ask the pharmacist if you can purchase it for less by paying in cash without using insurance. Don't assume it will be cheaper by paying a co-pay.